MathScript v1.0.0

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⚠️ Always download the installer from the latest release ⚠️

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Notes

The comments in the code are just placeholders, MathScript v1.0.0 doesn't support comments.

1. Basic Syntax

• Case Sensitivity: MathScript is case-sensitive.
• Keywords: MathScript utilizes keywords for control flow and function definition. Keywords are:
  • and
  • or
  • not
  • if
  • elif
  • else
  • for
  • to
  • step
  • while
  • func
  • then
  • pass
  • end
• Identifiers: Identifiers are used to name variables and functions. They can contain letters, digits, and underscores (_), but cannot start with a digit.
• Comments: Comments are not supported by MathScript v1.0.0.

2. Data Types

MathScript supports the following data types:

• NullType: none, null or undefined.
• Boolean: true or false.
• Integer: Whole numbers (e.g., 1, 2, -5).
• Decimal: Numbers with decimal points (e.g., 1.5, -2.75).
• Complex: Numbers with real and imaginary parts (e.g., 2+3i, -4-1i). Note: i is used for the imaginary unit.
• String: Sequences of characters enclosed in double quotes (""), single quotes (''), or backticks (``) (e.g., "Hello", 'World', `\ This is a raw string`).
• List: Ordered collections of values enclosed in parentheses () (e.g., ('Bob',), (1, 2, 3)).
• Function: User-defined functions.
• BuiltInFunction: Built-in functions.

3. Operators

MathScript supports various operators:

• Arithmetic:
  • + (addition)
  • - (subtraction)
  • * (multiplication)
  • / (division)
  • ^ (exponentiation)
• Comparison:
  • == (equals)
  • != (not equals)
  • < (less than)
  • > (greater than)
  • <= (less than or equal to)
  • >= (greater than or equal to)
• Logical:
  • and (logical AND)
  • or (logical OR)
  • not (logical NOT)
• Subscript:
  • _ (subscripting for strings and lists, when using it with variables enclose the variables in parenthesis like this: (lst)_(index))
• Function Call:
  • ( ) (function invocation)
• Assignment:
  • = (assigns a value to a variable)
• Inline function Definition:
  • => (defines the return value of a function)

4. Control Flow

MathScript includes the following control flow statements:

• if statement:

  if condition then if_true else _else
  

  if condition then
      # Code to execute if condition is true
  else
      # Code to execute if condition is false
  end
  

• elif statement:

  if condition then if_true elif another_condition then if_other_true else _else
  

  if condition then
      # Code to execute if condition is true
  elif another_condition then
      # Code to execute if another_condition is true
  else
      # Code to execute if neither condition is true
  end
  

• for loop:

  for variable = start to _end step _step then iteration # => (iteration1, iteration2, ...)
  

  for variable = start to _end step _step then
      # Code to execute in the loop
  end
  

  step value is optional, and defaults to 1.

• while loop:

  while condition then iteration # => (iteration1, iteration2, ...)
  

  while condition then
      # Code to execute in the loop
  end
  

• func function definition:

  func function_name(arg1, arg2 = value) => return_value
  

  func function_name(arg1, arg2 = value)
      # Code to execute in the function
  end
  

  Function definition supports optional arguments with default values.

5. Built-in Functions

MathScript offers built-in functions:

• print(): Prints value to the console. Accepts sep and end_char arguments for formatting.
• input(): Takes input from the user. Accepts placeholder argument for prompting.
• clear(): Clears the console.
• exit(): Exits the program. Accepts code argument for exit code.
• type(): Returns the type of an object as a string.
• sin(): Returns the sine of an angle (complex numbers supported).
• cos(): Returns the cosine of an angle (complex numbers supported).
• e: A constant representing the value of e.
• pi: A constant representing the value of pi.
• inf: A constant representing positive infinity.
• nan: A constant representing 'Not a Number'.

6. Execution

A MathScript program is executed using the mathscript command.

• mathscript <your_program.mscr>: Executes a .mscr file.
• mathscript: Starts an interactive shell.